• General ledger – central register of financial transactions, supporting multi-currency, accounting periods, balancing and reporting.
• Accounts payable (Purchase ledger) – supplier liabilities management: payment terms, discounts, invoicing.
• Accounts receivable (Sales ledger) – receivables handling: invoicing, payment tracking, revenue management.
• Tax – automated tax settlements and compliance with local regulations.

Consolidations – financial consolidation across multi-company structures.
These modules form the foundation of financial and accounting management. Proper configuration ensures data consistency, audit transparency and reporting accuracy. Misconfiguration may lead to inconsistencies, reconciliation issues and reliance on manual processes that slow down operations.
 

• Cash and bank management – liquidity management: bank accounts, cash flows.
• Credit and collections – credit policies, receivables monitoring, automated collections.
• Budgeting – budget definition and control, variance analysis and scenario planning.
• Fixed assets – asset registry and depreciation, lifecycle management.
• Asset leasing – operating and finance lease management.
• Cost accounting – cost allocation by product, project or department; full and variant cost calculations.

These modules provide real-time financial visibility, cost control, budgeting and asset optimisation. Poor configuration may limit financial flexibility and pose liquidity risks.

• Product information management (PIM) – central product catalogue, data management, classification and consistency.
• Engineering change management – handling design changes, versioning and approvals.

Operational foundation – without proper PIM setup, inventory, orders and settlements are hard to manage. For technologically complex companies, uncontrolled design changes may cause disruption across the entire process chain.

• Procurement and sourcing – purchasing process: from requisition to contracting and supplier selection.
• Landed costs – cost calculation for purchased goods (delivery, customs, etc.).

Essential for cost efficiency and procurement transparency. Lack of control may lead to overpayments, delays and margin losses.

• Inventory management – stock control, availability, warehouse rotation.
• Warehouse management – warehouse operations: locations, flows, optimisation.
• Transportation management – transport planning, delivery optimisation.
• Fleet management – own vehicle fleet management.

These modules ensure operational efficiency. Misconfiguration may cause inventory inconsistencies, delivery delays and operational losses.

• Master planning – demand forecasting, production scheduling.
• Production control – execution of production plans, resource tracking and fulfilment.
• Time and attendance – production time registration.
• Cost management – production cost tracking and variance analysis.

Key for manufacturing – poor configuration may lead to material shortages, delays, unprofitable production runs and order fulfilment issues.

• Sales and marketing – offer, order and promotion management.
• Retail and commerce – retail channel sales (POS), e-commerce.
• Subscription billing – subscription-based payment model handling.
• Pricing management – pricing policy management.
• Rebate management – discounts, promotions, pricing agreements.

Used by sales and retail companies. Incorrect settings may cause pricing errors, poor promotion management and inaccurate subscription billing.

• Project management and accounting (PMA) – contract and project type configuration, resource planning, cost control.
• Service management – SLA agreements, service requests, visit planning, spare parts, cost estimates and service invoicing.
• Asset management – technical asset and maintenance management.

“Mini-ERP” modules for project-based firms (consulting, construction, engineering, professional services). Also crucial for organisations with machinery parks.

• Human resources – central employee database, organisational structures, positions, competencies, HR processes and compliance.
• Leave and attendance – leave policies, requests, balances, approvals, work schedule integration.
• Expense management – business expense settlement (mobile app, approval flows, project/cost allocation).
• Payroll – payroll calculation, integration with external payroll systems.

Well-configured D365 Finance and Operations HR modules shorten approval cycles, reduce payroll errors and facilitate labour cost reporting. Poor setup risks non-compliance, access issues and incorrect calculations (e.g. production rates).

• Common – user personalisation and work enhancements (views, shortcuts, saved queries).
• Organisation administration – legal entity definition, numbering sequences, business rules, workflows, intercompany configurations.
• System management – security and roles, batch jobs, integrations, electronic reporting, data import/export.
• Audit workbench – audits and audit trails, process compliance, exceptions.
  Questionnaires – surveys and questionnaires (e.g. training, quality, supplier evaluation).

These modules form the “backbone” of the application – proper configuration ensures security, performance, numbering and compliance. Errors may result in excessive permissions, batch overloads, data inconsistencies and workflow friction.